Jakarta, hainews.id – Menteri Keuangan (Menkeu) Sri Mulyani mengatakan, kenaikan kebutuhan pembiayaan pada awal pandemi Covid-19 yakni tahun 2020 sangat tinggi. Bahkan jika dianalogikan dapat membiayai pembangunan dua Ibu Kota Negara (IKN).
“Kebutuhan pembiayaan kita pada tahun 2020 mencapai Rp1.645,3 triliun atau naik sekitar Rp900 triliun dari APBN yang sebesar Rp741,8 triliun. Itu sudah bisa dapat dua IKN kalau saya sampaikan ke Presiden,” kata Sri Mulyani, Kamis (26/1/2023).
Lebih lanjut, Sri mengungkapkan, kenaikan signifikan hanya dalam satu tahun tersebut terjadi karena pendapatan negara terpukul akibat kegiatan ekonomi terhenti. Sementara belanja negara meningkat signifikan untuk membantu masyarakat.
Implikasinya, kata Sri Mulyani, defisit APBN didesain agar melebar menjadi Rp1.039,2 triliun atau 6,34 persen dari Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) pada tahun 2020, yang harus dibiayai oleh pemerintah. Padahal sebelumnya defisit APBN direncanakan hanya Rp307,2 triliun atau 1,76 persen PDB.
Bahkan perubahan target defisit dan rencana kebutuhan pembiayaan tersebut tak hanya diubah satu kali di tengah dinamisnya kondisi pandemi kala itu. Namun pada akhirnya, kata dia, realisasi defisit pada tahun 2020 mencapai Rp947 triliun.
Di sisi lain pembiayaan defisit juga tidak mudah dilakukan lantaran pandemi turut menekan pasar modal dan pasar obligasi. Sehingga terbitlah kesepakatan bersama Menkeu bersama Gubernur Bank Indonesia (BI) untuk melakukan pembagian beban alias burden sharing dalam membiayai anggaran pandemi.
“Namun tetap di situasi pandemi, kami saat itu menyediakan berapapun yang dibutuhkan untuk menangani Covid-19. Jadi dalam situasi pandemi tidak ada alasan untuk tidak melakukan tindakan apapun hanya karena tidak ada uang,” katanya.
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